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Svalbard (/ ˈ s v ɑː l b ɑːr (d)/ SVAHL-bar(d), [4] Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsvɑ̂ːɫbɑr]), previously known as Spitsbergen or Spitzbergen, is a Norwegian archipelago that lies at the convergence of the Arctic Ocean with the Atlantic Ocean.
"Mainly the dispute is about whether the Svalbard Treaty also is in effect outside the 12 nautical mile territorial sea," according to Norway's largest newspaper, Aftenposten. If the treaty comes into effect outside the zone, then Norway will not be able to claim the full 78% of profits of oil- and gas harvesting, said Aftenposten in 2011.
Svalbard (including Bear Island), in the Arctic, a part of Norway since 1920. Jan Mayen, in the Arctic, a part of Norway since 1929. Svalbard with Bear Island are subject to the provisions of the Svalbard Treaty. Svalbard and Jan Mayen are sometimes grouped together for some categorization
Both Svalbard and Jan Mayen consist almost entirely of Arctic wilderness, such as at Bellsund in Svalbard. Svalbard is an archipelago in the Arctic about midway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. The group of islands range from 74° to 81° north latitude, and from 10° to 35° east longitude.
Residents of Spitsbergen do not need visas for Schengen but are prohibited from reaching Svalbard from mainland Norway without them. People without a means of income can be rejected as residents by the governor. [39] Citizens of any treaty signatory country may visit the island without a visa. [40] Russia retains a consulate in Barentsburg. [41]
Norway, [a] officially the Kingdom of Norway, [b] is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe.The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard also form part of the Kingdom of Norway.
Jan Mayen (Urban East Norwegian: [jɑn ˈmɑ̀ɪən]) [1] is a Norwegian volcanic island in the Arctic Ocean with no permanent population. It is 55 km (34 mi) long (southwest-northeast) and 373 km 2 (144 sq mi) in area, partly covered by glaciers (an area of 114.2 km 2 (44.1 sq mi) around the Beerenberg volcano).
The maritime zones around the coast of Svalbard is one of the most contested areas in the Barents Sea. [5] [9] The Svalbard Treaty was signed in 1920 as a part of the treaty negotiations at Versailles, granting Norway full sovereignty over Svalbard whilst agreeing that any signatory state could utilize its natural territorial resources (coal at ...