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The physical destruction due to the blast or by the biospheric damage due to ionizing radiation or radiotoxicity directly affect ecosystems within the blast radius. [32] Also, the atmospheric or geospheric disturbances caused by the weapons can lead to weather and climate changes .
[2] [11] [12] The failure of irrigation systems can be attributed to the physical destruction and social, economic, and political consequences of wars in this period. [2] Irrigation operation and maintenance were once a part of a collective and communal system of labour, governed by the mirab, a part of traditional irrigation governance.
Much of the medieval peasants' protein was obtained from dairy, and milk shortages likely caused nutritional deficiency in the European population. Famine and pestilence, exacerbated with the prevalence of war during this time, led to the death of an estimated ten to fifteen percent of Europe's population. [19] [20]
Wars have a direct impact on climate change by increasing carbon emissions and destroying infrastructure. In October 2023 alone, the Israeli army dropped around 25,000 tons of munitions on the Gaza Strip, roughly 1.5 times the explosive force of the bomb dropped on Hiroshima during World War II. [30]
The newly confirmed famine at one of the sprawling camps for war-displaced people in Sudan’s Darfur region is growing uncontrolled as the country's combatants block aid, and it threatens to grow ...
The Deluge saw Poland lose an estimated 1/3 of its population due to wars, famine, and plague [citation needed] Poland: 1649: Famine in northern England [50] England: 1650–1652: Famine in the east of France [51] France: 1651–1653: Famine throughout much of Ireland during the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland [52] Ireland: 1661
Moderately damaging earthquakes strike between New York and Wilmington, Delaware, about twice a century, the USGS said, and smaller earthquakes are felt in the region roughly every two to three years.
Humanitarian crisis from natural disasters include tsunami, earthquake, hurricane, floods, droughts, and wildfires that may result in disruption through damage to property, physical injury and death, psychological distress, displacement of individuals and families, and prolonged disruption in normal daily activities.