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Diagram of a newly formed planet in a state of hydrostatic equilibrium. In fluid mechanics, hydrostatic equilibrium (hydrostatic balance, hydrostasy) is the condition of a fluid or plastic solid at rest, which occurs when external forces, such as gravity, are balanced by a pressure-gradient force. [1]
Fluid statics or hydrostatics is the branch of fluid mechanics that studies fluids at hydrostatic equilibrium [1] and "the pressure in a fluid or exerted by a fluid on an immersed body". [ 2 ] It encompasses the study of the conditions under which fluids are at rest in stable equilibrium as opposed to fluid dynamics , the study of fluids in motion.
For stability, the cloud must be in hydrostatic equilibrium, which in case of a spherical cloud translates to = (), where () is the enclosed mass, is the pressure, () is the density of the gas (at radius ), is the gravitational constant, and is the radius. The equilibrium is stable if small perturbations are damped and unstable if they are ...
A similar situation occurs for accurate calculations of the pressure equation of state. Finally, the nuclear energy generation rate is computed from nuclear physics experiments, using reaction networks to compute reaction rates for each individual reaction step and equilibrium abundances for each isotope in the gas. [6] [8]
When a fluid is in an equilibrium state (i.e. there are no net forces, and no acceleration), the system is referred to as being in hydrostatic equilibrium. In the case of atmospheres , the pressure-gradient force is balanced by the gravitational force , maintaining hydrostatic equilibrium.
The cores of main-sequence stars are in hydrostatic equilibrium, where outward thermal pressure from the hot core is balanced by the inward pressure of gravitational collapse from the overlying layers. The strong dependence of the rate of energy generation on temperature and pressure helps to sustain this balance.
When a star is fully within hydrostatic equilibrium—a condition where the inward force of gravity is ... This is an extremely crude model of what occurs in ...
As all blood vessels allow a degree of protein leak , true equilibrium across the membrane cannot occur and there is a continuous flow of water with small solutes. The molecular sieving properties of the capillary wall reside in a recently-discovered endocapillary layer rather than in the dimensions of pores through or between the endothelial ...