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  2. Baroreceptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroreceptor

    The blood volume determines the mean pressure throughout the system, in particular in the venous side where most of the blood is held. The low-pressure baroreceptors have both circulatory and renal effects; they produce changes in hormone secretion, resulting in profound effects on the retention of salt and water ; they also influence intake of ...

  3. Baroreflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroreflex

    Baroreflex-induced changes in blood pressure are mediated by both branches of the autonomic nervous system: the parasympathetic and sympathetic nerves. Baroreceptors are active even at normal blood pressures so their activity informs the brain about both increases and decreases in blood pressure.

  4. Neuroendocrinology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuroendocrinology

    They control the body's response to stress [8] and infection. [9] They regulate the body's metabolism, influencing eating and drinking behaviour, and influence how energy intake is utilised, that is, how fat is metabolised. [10] They influence and regulate mood, [11] body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis, [12] and blood pressure. [13]

  5. Vasomotor center - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasomotor_center

    Together with the cardiovascular center and respiratory center, it regulates blood pressure. [1] It also has a more minor role in other homeostatic processes. [citation needed] Upon increase in carbon dioxide level at central chemoreceptors, it stimulates the sympathetic system to constrict vessels

  6. Autonomic nervous system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomic_nervous_system

    Autonomic nervous system, showing splanchnic nerves in middle, and the vagus nerve as "X" in blue. The heart and organs below in list to right are regarded as viscera. The autonomic nervous system has been classically divided into the sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic nervous system only (i.e., exclusively motor).

  7. Renin–angiotensin system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin–angiotensin_system

    Atrial natriuretic peptide: When the atrium stretches, blood pressure is considered to be increased and sodium is excreted to lower blood pressure. Bainbridge reflex: In response to stretching of the right atrium wall, heart rate increases, lowering venous blood pressure. Baroreflex: When the stretch receptors in the aortic arch and carotid ...

  8. Low pressure receptors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low_pressure_receptors

    Low pressure baroreceptors or low pressure receptors are baroreceptors that relay information derived from blood pressure within the autonomic nervous system. They are stimulated by stretching of the vessel wall. They are located in large systemic veins and in the walls of the atria of the heart, and pulmonary vasculature.

  9. Reflex bradycardia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reflex_bradycardia

    Reflex bradycardia is a bradycardia (decrease in heart rate) in response to the baroreceptor reflex, one of the body's homeostatic mechanisms for preventing abnormal increases in blood pressure. In the presence of high mean arterial pressure , the baroreceptor reflex produces a reflex bradycardia as a method of decreasing blood pressure by ...