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The abundant wind resources in Australia provide for the country to grow its renewable energy sector. The southern coastline lies in the Roaring Forties. Sites have average wind speeds above 8–9 m/s at turbine hub height. [citation needed] Australian wind farms produce an average capacity factor range of 30–35%.
Overall, Melbourne is, owing to the rain shadowing by the Otway Ranges, nonetheless drier than average for southern Victoria. Within the city and surrounds, however, rainfall varies widely, from around 485 mm (19 in) on the western fringe at Little River to 1,020 mm (40 in) on the eastern fringe at Gembrook .
Within the basin a Category 5 severe tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds over 107 knots (198 km/h; 123 mph) or greater on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale.
Within the basin a Category 1 tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that has 10-minute mean maximum sustained wind speeds of 33–47 knots (61–87 km/h; 38–54 mph) on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale.
A wind rose plot may contain additional information, in that each spoke is broken down into color-coded bands that show wind speed ranges. Wind roses typically show 8 or 16 cardinal directions , such as north (N), NNE, NE, etc., [ 2 ] although they may be subdivided into as many as 32 directions .
The fastest wind speed not related to tornadoes ever recorded was during the passage of Tropical Cyclone Olivia on 10 April 1996: an automatic weather station on Barrow Island, Australia, registered a maximum wind gust of 113.3 m/s (408 km/h; 253 mph; 220.2 kn; 372 ft/s) [6] [7] The wind gust was evaluated by the WMO Evaluation Panel, who found ...
A "Wind gust of 213 kilometres per hour (132 mph) recorded in Kurnell at 10:33am," was "the fastest wind speed recorded in NSW history". [30] Injuries to people were only minor. Roof damage also occurred at Westfield Bondi Junction and in South Nowra, Thousands of homes lost power in Bulli, Thirroul and Woonona north of Wollongong. [30] [31]
Highest average annual total (observed over 10 years ... the wind speeds were re-examined and adjusted to a maximum official wind speed of 321 mph (516.6 km/h).