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The ruble has been used in the Russian territories since the 14th century, [2] and is the second-oldest currency still in circulation, behind sterling. [3] Initially an uncoined unit of account, the ruble became a circulating coin in 1704 just before the establishment of the Russian Empire.
According to one estimate, that of P. Popov of the Central Statistical Bureau of Soviet Russia, by 1920 the total production of Russian industry had fallen from a pre-war level of 6.059 billion [note 1] gold rubles to the equivalent of just 836 million — a decline of more than 85%. [10]
Coins: The first coinage after the Russian Civil War was minted in 1921–1923 according to pre-war Czarist standards, with silver coins of 10, 15 and 20 kopecks minted in 50% silver, 50 kopecks ("poltinnik" or 1 ⁄ 2 ruble) and 1 ruble in 90% silver, and 10 rubles (one chervonets) in 90% gold.
With the outbreak of World War I, the gold standard peg was dropped and the ruble fell in value, suffering from hyperinflation in the early 1920s. With the founding of the Soviet Union in 1922, the Russian ruble was replaced by the Soviet ruble. The pre-revolutionary Chervonetz was temporarily brought back into circulation from 1922 to 1925. [11]
Russian President Vladimir Putin needs to intervene to prop up his currency, after the ruble fell to a low not seen since March 2022, at the very beginning of his war against Ukraine.
The ruble has tumbled 9% against the dollar since Nov. 21, when the U.S. sanctioned some 50 Russian banks, including Gazprombank, which has emerged as a top linchpin for Russia in currency markets.
The Russian ruble on Monday reached its lowest value since the early weeks of the war in Ukraine as Moscow increases military spending and Western sanctions weigh on its energy exports. It led ...
During the month of March, the ruble gradually recovered back to its pre-war value of ~80 Rubles per dollar, partially due to increased gas and oil demand from Western companies, as they feared a potential ban on Russian resources, [249] as well as various economic measures designed to prop up the currency.