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Microvascular angina (MVA), previously known as cardiac syndrome X, [1] also known as coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) or microvascular coronary disease is a type of angina (chest pain) with signs associated with decreased blood flow to heart tissue but with normal coronary arteries. [2] [3]
Childhood ataxia with central nervous system hypomyelination (see vanishing white matter disease) CAD Coronary artery disease: CADASIL: Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy CAP Community acquired pneumonia: CAPA COVID-19–associated pulmonary aspergillosis CAPD Central auditory processing ...
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also called coronary heart disease (CHD), or ischemic heart disease (IHD), [13] is a type of heart disease involving the reduction of blood flow to the cardiac muscle due to a build-up of atheromatous plaque in the arteries of the heart. [5] [6] [14] It is the most common of the cardiovascular diseases. [15]
This is a shortened version of the seventh chapter of the ICD-9: Diseases of the Circulatory System. It covers ICD codes 259 to 282. The full chapter can be found on pages 215 to 258 of Volume 1, which contains all (sub)categories of the ICD-9. Volume 2 is an alphabetical index of Volume 1.
Less than 20% of all cases of chest pain admissions are found to be due to coronary artery disease. [62] The rate of chest pain as a symptom of acute coronary syndrome varies among populations based upon age, sex, and previous medical conditions. [45] In general, women are more likely than men to present without chest pain (49% vs. 38%) in ...
[11] [57] Angina is more often the presenting symptom of coronary artery disease in females than in men. The prevalence of angina rises with increasing age, with a mean age of onset of 62.3 years. [58] After five years post-onset, 4.8% of individuals with angina subsequently died from coronary heart disease.
The disease is commonly asymptomatic and is normally discovered when performing tests for other conditions such as coronary artery disease, stable angina and other acute coronary syndromes. [2] [3] Coronary artery ectasia occurs 4 times more frequently in males than in females and in people who have risk factors for heart disease such as smokers.
Other, less common, causes of acute coronary syndrome include spontaneous coronary artery dissection, [14] ischemia in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA), and myocardial infarction in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (MINOCA). [15]