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Categorization of racial groups by reference to skin color is common in classical antiquity. [7] For example, it is found in e.g. Physiognomica, a Greek treatise dated to c. 300 BC. The transmission of the "color terminology" for race from antiquity to early anthropology in 17th century Europe took place via rabbinical literature.
[93] 57% say that discrimination based on skin color towards Latinos is a "very big problem" in the US. [93] Another survey by the Pew Research Center shows that Hispanics with darker skin color are more likely to have experienced at least one instance of discrimination than those with lighter skin color. [93]
The Fitzpatrick scale has been criticized for its Eurocentric bias and insufficient representation of global skin color diversity. [9] The scale originally was developed for classifying "white skin" in response to solar radiation, [2] and initially included only four categories focused on white skin, with "brown" and "black" skin types (V and VI) added as an afterthought.
An individual darker than a brown paper bag was denied privileges. "The brown paper bag test" is a term in African-American oral history used to describe a colorist discriminatory practice within the African-American community in the 20th century, in which an individual's skin tone is compared to the color of a brown paper bag.
Skin Deep: Women Writing on Color, Culture and Identity by Elena Featherston [50] Cues of Colorism: The Psychological, Sociocultural, and Developmental Differences Between Light-skinned and Dark-skinned African-Americans by Tasia M. Pinkston [51] The Borders of Dominicanidad: Race, Nation, and Archives of Contradiction by Lorgia Garcia-Peña
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In classical antiquity, Greek and Roman writers were acquainted with people of every skin tone from very pale (associated with populations from Scythia) to very dark (associated with populations from sub-Saharan Africa . People described with words meaning "black", or as Aethiopes, are occasionally mentioned throughout the Empire in surviving ...
The Monk Skin Tone Scale is an open-source, 10-shade scale describing human skin color, developed by Ellis Monk in partnership with Google and released in 2023. [1]