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Widespread non-communicable diseases such as cardiovascular disease and cancer are not included. An epidemic is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time; in meningococcal infections , an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered ...
An infectious disease, also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease, is an illness resulting from an infection. Infections can be caused by a wide range of pathogens , most prominently bacteria and viruses . [ 2 ]
A contagious disease is an infectious disease that can be spread rapidly in several ways, including direct contact, indirect contact, and Droplet contact. [1] [2] These diseases are caused by organisms such as parasites, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. While many types of organisms live on the human body and are usually harmless, these organisms ...
Chin J. B., ed. Control of Communicable Diseases Manual. 17th ed. APHA [American Public Health Association] Press; 2000. ISBN 978-0-87553-189-2; Red Book: 2009 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases. 2009. American Academy of Pediatrics. 28th ed. ISBN 978-1-58110-306-9; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC Works 24/7 ...
Infectious diseases can be transmitted, e.g. by hand-to-mouth contact with infectious material on surfaces, by bites of insects or other carriers of the disease, and from contaminated water or food (often via fecal contamination), etc. [26] Also, there are sexually transmitted diseases.
I. Communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders: Respiratory infections and tuberculosis: 6.85: 19.49%: Enteric infections: 3.31 Sexually transmitted infections: 1.88 Tropical diseases and malaria: 1.37 Other infectious diseases: 1.57 Maternal and neonatal disorders: 4.00 Nutritional deficiencies: 0.52 II. Non-communicable ...
In 2023, tuberculosis overtook COVID-19 as the leading cause of infectious disease-related deaths globally, according to a World Health Organization. [185] Around 8.2 million people were newly diagnosed with TB last year, allowing them access to treatment—a record high since WHO’s tracking began in 1995 and an increase from 7.5 million ...
The economic impact includes costs of health care, working days lost due to sickness, days lost in education, decreased productivity due to brain damage from cerebral malaria, and loss of investment and tourism. [26] The disease has a heavy burden in some countries, where it may be responsible for 30–50% of hospital admissions, up to 50% of ...