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A plenum space is a part of a building that can facilitate air circulation for heating and air conditioning systems, by providing pathways for either heated/conditioned or return airflows, usually at greater than atmospheric pressure.
Plenum cable / ˈ p l ɛ n əm / is electrical cable that is laid in the plenum spaces of buildings. In the United States , plastics used in the construction of plenum cable are regulated under the National Fire Protection Association standard NFPA 90A: Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems.
A plenum chamber is a pressurised housing containing a fluid (typically air) at positive pressure. One of its functions is to equalise pressure for more even distribution, compensating for irregular supply or demand.
While overhead systems typically use ducts to distribute the air, UFAD systems use the underfloor plenum formed by installation of a raised floor. The plenum generally sits 0.3 and 0.46 metres (12 and 18 in) above the structural concrete slab, although lower heights are possible.
Description: Example of a typical commercial building with the space above the drop-ceiling acting as an air-return plenum. If a fire were to start above the drop ceiling, toxic fumes would be drawn into the open-air system and potentially poison building occupants before they are aware of the fire.
Plenum may refer to: Plenum chamber, a chamber intended to contain air, gas, or liquid at positive pressure; Plenism, or Horror vacui the concept that "nature abhors a vacuum" Plenum (meeting), a meeting of a deliberative assembly in which all members are present; contrast with quorum; Plenum space, enclosed spaces (in buildings) used for airflow
Image source: Getty Images. 1. Lockheed Martin. After its stock price reached an all-time high earlier this year, Lockheed Martin and its defense contractor peers have sold off considerably over ...
In older buildings, the space above the dropped ceiling was often used as a plenum space for ventilation systems, requiring only enclosed ducts that deliver fresh air into the room below, with return air entering the ceiling space through open grilles across the ceiling. That practice is now used less frequently in new buildings.