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Maternal deprivation as a discrete syndrome is a concept that is rarely used other than in connection with extreme deprivation and failure to thrive. Rather there is consideration of a range of different lacks and deficiencies in different forms of care, or lack of care, of which attachment is only one aspect, as well as consideration of ...
Much of Harlow's scientific career was spent studying maternal bonding, what he described as the "nature of love".These experiments involved rearing newborn "total isolates" and monkeys with surrogate mothers, ranging from toweling-covered cones to a machine that modeled abusive mothers by assaulting the baby monkeys with cold air or spikes.
These include a negative subjective experience of childbirth, maternal mental health (prenatal depression, perinatal anxiety, acute postpartum depression, and history of psychological problems), history of trauma, complications with delivery and baby (for example emergency cesarean section or NICU admittance), and a low level of social support.
Monkey clinging to the cloth mother surrogate in fear test. Harry Frederick Harlow (October 31, 1905 – December 6, 1981) was an American psychologist best known for his maternal-separation, dependency needs, and social isolation experiments on rhesus monkeys, which manifested the importance of caregiving and companionship to social and cognitive development.
Models of early life stress involve prenatal stress, early postnatal handling and maternal separation. All these treatments have been demonstrated to produce significant effects that last until adulthood. Maternal deprivation: [26] The maternal deprivation model is the most widely used early life stress model. This model manipulates the ...
Researchers consider this maternal deprivation to disrupt the child's object relations, causing the difficulties. Later childhood adoptees exhibiting behavioral problems are often expressions of unresolved internal emotional issues like the "fear of becoming attached, unresolved grief, a poor sense of identity, depression, and strong underlying ...
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The maternal deprivation hypothesis published in 1951 spurred a shift away from the use of residential nurseries in favour of foster homes. [ 133 ] Bowlby's contemporary René Spitz observed separated children's grief, proposing that " psychotoxic " results were brought about by inappropriate experiences of early care.