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Humboldt's model was based on two ideas of the Enlightenment: the individual and the world citizen.Humboldt believed that the university (and education in general, as in the Prussian education system) should enable students to become autonomous individuals and world citizens by developing their own powers of reasoning in an environment of academic freedom.
When West Germany gained partial independence in 1949, its new constitution (Grundgesetz) granted educational autonomy to the state (Länder) governments. This led to widely varying school systems, often making it difficult for children to continue schooling whilst moving between states. [19]
Pederson, Olaf (1997) The First Universities: Studium Generale and the Origins of University Education in Europe, Cambridge University Press, ISBN 9780521594318; Reséndez, Andrés (2016). The Other Slavery: The Uncovered Story of Indian Enslavement in America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0544947108.
The number of young people not in education, employment, or training (NEETs), notably women, is significantly higher in cohesion regions (less developed regions of Europe) than the EU average (11.2 percent in 2023). [17] Lower educational achievement in these places is exacerbated by relatively low levels of reading and numeracy among young people.
Education and Society in Modern Europe (1979); focus on Germany and France with comparisons to US and Britain; Sagarra, Eda. A Social History of Germany, 1648–1914 (1977) online; Schleunes, Karl A. "Enlightenment, reform, reaction: the schooling revolution in Prussia." Central European History 12.4 (1979): 315-342 online
The KMK state directives however will overrule federal regulations which makes for the importance of the Kultusministerkonferenz in the political system of Germany - in most cases the federal minister for education will place joint committees with the KMK where the created law to take the form of a Staatsvertrag (state treaty) passed by the ...
Education in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) was a socialist education system and was compulsory from age 6 until age 16. State-run schools included crèches , kindergartens , polytechnic schools , extended secondary schools , vocational training , and universities .
The Bologna Process is a series of ministerial meetings and agreements between European countries to ensure comparability in the standards and quality of higher-education qualifications. [1] The process has created the European Higher Education Area under the Lisbon Recognition Convention .