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Coal is mostly carbon with variable amounts of other elements, chiefly hydrogen, sulfur, oxygen, and nitrogen. [1] Coal is a type of fossil fuel, formed when dead plant matter decays into peat which is converted into coal by the heat and pressure of deep burial over millions of years. [2]
Coal analysis techniques are specific analytical methods designed to measure the particular physical and chemical properties of coals. These methods are used primarily to determine the suitability of coal for coking , power generation or for iron ore smelting in the manufacture of steel .
The Western Kentucky is a large coal field located in the east of the United States in Kentucky. Western Kentucky represents one of the largest coal reserve in the United States having estimated reserves of 35.67 billion tonnes of coal. [1] Other rocks in the area include conglomerate, sandstone, shale, limestone. [2]
Bituminous coal. Bituminous coal, or black coal, is a type of coal containing a tar-like substance called bitumen or asphalt. Its coloration can be black or sometimes dark brown; often there are well-defined bands of bright and dull material within the seams. It is typically hard but friable.
The coal is next pulverized into a very fine powder. The pulverizers may be ball mills, rotating drum grinders, or other types of grinders. Some power stations burn fuel oil rather than coal. The oil must kept warm (above its pour point) in the fuel oil storage tanks to prevent the oil from congealing and becoming unpumpable. The oil is usually ...
Assam coal is friable in nature and has high sulfur content. It is mainly utilized by local railways, steamers, and hydro power stations. Low moisture, low volatile cooking coal has been discovered in the Hallidayga Singamari area. Assam has rich limestone reserves. The major reserves of limestone are in Dima Hasao and Karbi Anglong districts.
Cannel coal from the Pennsylvanian of NE Ohio. Cannel coal or candle coal is a type of bituminous coal, [1] also classified as terrestrial type oil shale. [2] [3] [4] Due to its physical morphology and low mineral content cannel coal is considered to be coal but by its texture and composition of the organic matter it is considered to be oil shale. [5]
Additionally, specific physical and mechanical properties of coal and particular carbonization properties The calorific value Q of coal [kJ/kg] is the heat liberated by its complete combustion with oxygen. Q is a complex function of the elemental composition of the coal [citation needed]. Q can be determined experimentally using calorimeters.