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The entorhinal cortex (EC) is a structure in the brain located in the medial temporal lobe.The EC is composed of six distinct layers. The superficial (outer) layers, which include layers I through III, are mainly input layers that receive signals from other parts of the EC, but also project to hippocampal structures via the perforant path.
The three subdivisions are an opercular part, a triangular part, and an orbital part. These divisions are marked by two rami arising from the lateral sulcus. [3] The ascending ramus separates the opercular and triangular parts. [4] The anterior (horizontal) ramus separates the triangular and orbital parts. [5]
The three major branches of the trigeminal nerve—the ophthalmic nerve (V 1), the maxillary nerve (V 2) and the mandibular nerve (V 3)—converge on the trigeminal ganglion (also called the semilunar ganglion or gasserian ganglion), located within Meckel's cave and containing the cell bodies of incoming sensory-nerve fibers.
The trigeminal ganglion contains cell bodies of the pseudo-unipolar sensory neurons of the trigeminal nerve which extend their axons both distally/peripherally into the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve on the one end, and proximally/centrally to the brainstem on the other end; the trigeminal root extends from the trigeminal ganglion to the ventrolateral aspect of the pons.
Evidence for the role of astrocytes in the integration and processing of synaptic integration presents itself in a number of ways: Astrocytes are excitable cells: In response to stimuli from any of the three components of the tripartite synapse, astrocytes are capable of producing transient changes in their intracellular calcium concentrations through release of calcium stores from the ...
The PPRF is situated in the pons just [3] ventralmedial to the abducens nucleus. [2] It is located anterior and lateral to the medial longitudinal fasciculus. [citation needed] It is continuous caudally with the nucleus prepositus hypoglossi.
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The sensory trigeminal nerve nuclei are the largest of the cranial nerve nuclei, and extend through the whole of the midbrain, pons and medulla, and into the upper cervical spinal cord.