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Königsberg (/ ˈ k ɜː n ɪ ɡ z b ɜːr ɡ /, German: [ˈkøːnɪçsbɛʁk] ⓘ; lit. ' King's mountain '; Polish: Królewiec; Lithuanian: Karaliaučius; Baltic Prussian: Kunnegsgarbs; Russian: Кёнигсберг, romanized: Kyónigsberg, IPA: [ˈkʲɵnʲɪɡzbʲɪrk]) is the historic German and Prussian name of the medieval city that is now Kaliningrad, Russia.
The Battle of Königsberg, also known as the Königsberg offensive, was one of the last operations of the East Prussian offensive during World War II. In four days of urban warfare, Soviet forces of the 1st Baltic Front and the 3rd Belorussian Front captured the city of Königsberg, present day Kaliningrad, Russia. The siege started in late ...
Regierungsbezirk Königsberg was a Regierungsbezirk, or government region, of the Prussian province of East Prussia from 1815 until 1945. The regional capital was Königsberg (since 1946, Kaliningrad).
June: City of Königsberg expanded by uniting Altstadt, Kneiphof, and Löbenicht. [1] Königsberg City Archive is located in the Town Hall (approximate date). 1734 – 8 August: Polish King Stanisław Leszczyński stops in the city. [24] 1735 – Math problem "Seven Bridges of Königsberg" presented. 1736
The history of the city may be divided into four periods: the Old Prussian settlement known as Twangste before 1255; the Polish city of Królewiec from 1454 to 1455 and then fief of Poland from 1456 to 1657; the German city of Königsberg from 1657 to 1945; and the Russian city of Kaliningrad from 1945 to present.
The Königsberg fortifications became largely obsolete even before the completion of construction due to the rapid development of artillery. [2] Following the military setbacks of Nazi Germany , however, they became strategically important again (particularly during the East Prussian offensive in 1945).
Construction of Königsberg Castle began in 1255 during the conquest of Samland by the Teutonic Knights, part of the Prussian Crusade.An initial settlement was founded north of the castle (later known as Steindamm) the following year, but this was destroyed by Sambians during the 1262 Siege of Königsberg. [1]
The Treaty of Königsberg was concluded on 7 January / 17 January 1656 during the Second Northern War. [1] Frederick William I , the "Great Elector" of Brandenburg and duke of Prussia , was forced to join the Swedish camp and became a Swedish vassal for the Duchy of Prussia and Ermland (Ermeland, Warmia). [ 2 ]