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  2. Three Rs (animal research) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three_Rs_(animal_research)

    In 1954, the Universities Federation for Animal Welfare (UFAW) decided to sponsor systematic research on the progress of humane techniques in the laboratory. [2] In October of that year, William Russell, described as a brilliant young zoologist who happened to be also a psychologist and a classical scholar, and Rex Burch, a microbiologist, were appointed to inaugurate a systematic study of ...

  3. Hong Kong International Airport Master Plan 2030 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Kong_International...

    The MP 2030 outlined the two-runway system and 3RS as options for future development, compared the two in terms of air connectivity, economic benefits, construction cost, funding and environmental issues, [7] and concluded that only 3RS can fully meet Hong Kong's long-term needs.

  4. Wildlife conservation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wildlife_conservation

    When designing a wildlife monitoring strategy, it is important to minimize harm to the animal and implement the 3Rs principles (Replacement, Reduction, Refinement). [58] In wildlife research, this can be done through the use of non-invasive methods, sharing samples and data with other research groups, or optimizing traps to prevent injuries ...

  5. Animal testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animal_testing

    The 3Rs have a broader scope than simply encouraging alternatives to animal testing, but aim to improve animal welfare and scientific quality where the use of animals can not be avoided. These 3Rs are now implemented in many testing establishments worldwide and have been adopted by various pieces of legislation and regulations. [2]

  6. The three Rs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_three_Rs

    The skills themselves are alluded to in St. Augustine's Confessions: Latin: ...legere et scribere et numerare discitur 'learning to read, and write, and do arithmetic'. [3]

  7. Sustainable development - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_development

    Economic development has traditionally required a growth in the gross domestic product. This model of unlimited personal and GDP growth may be over. Sustainable development may involve improvements in the quality of life for many but may necessitate a decrease in resource consumption. [52] "Growth" generally ignores the direct effect that the ...

  8. 3R - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3R

    The 3Rs of Junior Forest Wardens (a Canadian outdoor-education program for families): Responsibility to yourself, Responsibility to others, Responsibility to your community and the planet; Return, Reclamation, Rehabilitation, rebel group in Central African Republic; Relief, recovery, and reform, categories of program under the New Deal

  9. Waste hierarchy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_hierarchy

    All products and services have environmental impacts, from the extraction of raw materials for production to manufacture, distribution, use and disposal. Following the waste hierarchy will generally lead to the most resource-efficient and environmentally sound choice but in some cases refining decisions within the hierarchy or departing from it can lead to better environmental outcomes.