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A description of the projective geometry can be constructed in the geometric algebra using basic operations. For example, given two distinct points in RP n−1 represented by vectors a and b the line containing them is given by a ∧ b (or b ∧ a). Two lines intersect in a point if A ∧ B = 0 for their bivectors A and B. This point is given ...
In geometry, the notion of a connection makes precise the idea of transporting local geometric objects, such as tangent vectors or tensors in the tangent space, along a curve or family of curves in a parallel and consistent manner. There are various kinds of connections in modern geometry, depending on what sort of data one wants to transport.
When modelling relations between two different classes of objects, bipartite graphs very often arise naturally. For instance, a graph of football players and clubs, with an edge between a player and a club if the player has played for that club, is a natural example of an affiliation network, a type of bipartite graph used in social network analysis.
Let M be a differentiable manifold, such as Euclidean space.A vector-valued function can be viewed as a section of the trivial vector bundle. One may consider a section of a general differentiable vector bundle, and it is therefore natural to ask if it is possible to differentiate a section, as a generalization of how one differentiates a function on M.
Lines A, B and C are concurrent in Y. In geometry, lines in a plane or higher-dimensional space are concurrent if they intersect at a single point.. The set of all lines through a point is called a pencil, and their common intersection is called the vertex of the pencil.
The tangent vectors e 1 and e 2 of a frame on M define smooth functions from E with values in R 3, so each gives a 3-vector of functions and in particular de 1 is a 3-vector of 1-forms on E. The connection form is given by
Vertical and horizontal subspaces for the Möbius strip. The Möbius strip is a line bundle over the circle, and the circle can be pictured as the middle ring of the strip. . At each point on the strip, the projection map projects it towards the middle ring, and the fiber is perpendicular to the middle ri
Plane-based GA usually handles the (3D version of) the middle case here. But we instead choose to have a basis element squaring to 1 or −1 instead of 0, euclidean geometry can be changed to spherical or hyperbolic geometry. In these systems, the points, planes, and lines have the same coordinates that they have in plane-based GA.