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  2. Type I and type II errors - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Type_I_and_type_II_errors

    The results obtained from negative sample (left curve) overlap with the results obtained from positive samples (right curve). By moving the result cutoff value (vertical bar), the rate of false positives (FP) can be decreased, at the cost of raising the number of false negatives (FN), or vice versa (TP = True Positives, TPR = True Positive Rate ...

  3. False positives and false negatives - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/False_positives_and_false...

    Complementarily, the false negative rate (FNR) is the proportion of positives which yield negative test outcomes with the test, i.e., the conditional probability of a negative test result given that the condition being looked for is present. In statistical hypothesis testing, this fraction is given the letter β.

  4. Oversampling and undersampling in data analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oversampling_and_under...

    A variety of data re-sampling techniques are implemented in the imbalanced-learn package [1] compatible with the scikit-learn Python library. The re-sampling techniques are implemented in four different categories: undersampling the majority class, oversampling the minority class, combining over and under sampling, and ensembling sampling.

  5. Coverage error - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coverage_error

    Her sampling frame might be a list of third-graders in the school district (sampling frame). Over time, it is likely that the researcher will lose track of some of the children used in the original study, so that her sample frame of adults no longer matches the sample frame of children used in the study.

  6. Sampling bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_bias

    In statistics, sampling bias is a bias in which a sample is collected in such a way that some members of the intended population have a lower or higher sampling probability than others. It results in a biased sample [1] of a population (or non-human factors) in which all individuals, or instances, were not equally likely to have been selected. [2]

  7. Selection bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selection_bias

    A distinction of sampling bias (albeit not a universally accepted one) is that it undermines the external validity of a test (the ability of its results to be generalized to the rest of the population), while selection bias mainly addresses internal validity for differences or similarities found in the sample at hand. In this sense, errors ...