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Cryptorchidism, also known as undescended testis, is the failure of one or both testes to descend into the scrotum. The word is from Ancient Greek κρυπτός (kryptos) 'hidden' and ὄρχις (orchis) 'testicle'. It is the most common birth defect of the male genital tract. [1]
testicular microlithiasis on ultrasound. Testicular microlithiasis is an unusual condition diagnosed on testicular ultrasound. It is believed to be found in 0.1–0.6% of males globally, with frequency varying based on geographic location and is more often found in individuals with subfertility.
The ectopic testis can be in the perineal region, the opposite side of the scrotum, the suprapubic region, the femoral region, or the superficial inguinal pouch. [1]The ectopic testis is initially normal, but if it is ignored after childhood, it may become small and soft, with spermatogenesis arresting and interstitial cell proliferation occurring.
In cryptorchidism a diagnosis is made from a physical examination which is performed when the baby is lacking one or both testes in the dependant portion of the scrotal sac. [15] 70% of cryptorchid testes can be felt and are unable to be pulled into the scrotum or retreats quickly after being pulled into a higher position. In 30% of cases the ...
The appendix testis is a Müllerian duct remnant and consists of fibrous tissue and blood vessels within an envelope of columnar epithelium. The appendix testis is attached to the upper pole of the testis and found in the groove between the testis and the epididymis. The appendix epididymis is attached to the head of the epididymis.
The testes in men with SCO syndrome are normally small to normal in size, with normal form and consistency; though, some patients may have significant atrophy of the testes. [4] The majority of patients with Sertoli cell-only syndrome (up to 90%) have increased FSH levels, which are typically two to three times normal.
Almost all invasive germ cell tumours of the testis in adults; Fifty percent of patients with GCNIS developed invasive germ cell tumours within five years of initial diagnosis. Five percent of contralateral testes in men with a history of prior testicular germ cell tumour. Less than five percent of cryptorchid testes.
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