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In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element. Some "minerals" are essential for life, but most are not. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Minerals are one of the four groups of essential nutrients; the others are vitamins , essential fatty acids , and essential amino acids . [ 4 ]
This is a list of minerals which have Wikipedia articles.. Minerals are distinguished by various chemical and physical properties. Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species.
The 'IMA database of mineral properties' (rruff.info/ima) has 173 species with 'not an IMA approved mineral' tag, some are an intermediate member of a solid solution series, others are "recently" discredited minerals. [4] I – intermediate member of a solid-solution series. H – hypothetical mineral (synthetic, anthropogenic, etc.)
Phosphate minerals are minerals that contain the tetrahedrally coordinated phosphate (PO 3− 4) anion, sometimes with arsenate (AsO 3− 4) and vanadate (VO 3− 4) substitutions, along with chloride (Cl −), fluoride (F −), and hydroxide (OH −) anions, that also fit into the crystal structure.
Mineral classification schemes and their definitions are evolving to match recent advances in mineral science. Recent changes have included the addition of an organic class, in both the new Dana and the Strunz classification schemes. [152] [153] The organic class includes a very rare group of minerals with hydrocarbons. The IMA Commission on ...
The classification of minerals is a process of determining to which of several groups minerals belong based on their chemical characteristics. Since the 1950s, this classification has been carried out by the International Mineralogical Association, which classifies minerals into the following broad classes:
Muscovite (also known as common mica, isinglass, or potash mica [6]) is a hydrated phyllosilicate mineral of aluminium and potassium with formula KAl 2 (AlSi 3 O 10)(F,OH) 2, or 2 (Al 2 O 3) 3 (SiO 2) 6 (H 2 O). It has a highly perfect basal cleavage yielding remarkably thin laminae (sheets) which are often highly elastic.
Laumontite is a mineral, one of the zeolite group. Its molecular formula is CaAl 2 Si 4 O 12 ·4H 2 O, [1] a hydrated calcium-aluminium silicate. Potassium or sodium may substitute for the calcium but only in very small amounts. It is monoclinic, space group C2/m. It forms prismatic crystals with a diamond-shaped cross-section and an angled ...