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During the game, the officials are assisted in the administration of the game by other persons, including a clock operator to start and stop the game clock (and possibly also the play clock); a chain crew who hold the down indicator and the line-to-gain chains on the sideline; and ball boys, who provide footballs to officials between downs (e.g ...
The first published rules of "football" were those of Rugby School (1845), which permitted extensive handling, quickly followed by the Eton field game (1847), which was much more restrictive of handling the ball. Between the 1830s and 1850s, a number of sets of rules were created for use at Cambridge University – but they were generally not ...
In 1993, The Football Association (The FA) switched to persistent squad numbers, abandoning the mandatory use of 1–11 for the starting line-up. The first league event to feature this was the 1993 Football League Cup Final between Arsenal and Sheffield Wednesday, and it became standard in the FA Premier League the following season, along with names printed above the numbers. [6]
The number 0 was made legal in 2022, although it remains banned as the first digit of a two-digit number. [7] In forms of the game that have fewer than 11 men (most notably eight-man football and six-man football) a player can wear any number. In eight-man, there are only three ineligible receivers and in six-man, all players are eligible ...
However, a new system was introduced by some football leagues and associations to increase the number of match balls used per game. [2] In the multiball system, a number of match balls, often seven, [3] are held by ball boys around the edge of the pitch. When one ball leaves the field of play, the nearest ball boy will release another ball to a ...
In Canadian football, the three-minute warning is given when three minutes of game time remain on the game clock in the first and second halves of a game. (If the ball is in play when the clock reaches 3:00, the three-minute warning is given immediately after the ball is declared dead.) The three-minute warning stops the game clock in all cases.
The schedule is arranged so that the team with home advantage—the team that had the better regular-season record plays the first game and the decisive seventh game (if necessary) at home. Most best-of-seven series follow a "2–3–2" format or a "2–2–1–1–1" format; that is, in a 2–3–2 series, the first two games are played at the ...
Most codes of football from before 1863 provided only one means of scoring (typically called the "goal", although Harrow football used the word "base"). [7] The two major exceptions (the Eton field game and Sheffield rules, which borrowed the concept from Eton) both used the "rouge" (a touchdown, somewhat similar to a try in today's rugby) as a tie-breaker.