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Since the isolation and the structure determination of Physalin A and Physalin B in 1969, more than a dozen Physalins were isolated from Physalis species, Physalis alkekengi, Physalis angulata, and Physalis lancifolia. These compounds have antimicrobial, [2] [3] and antiparasitic effects. [4]
A defining feature of Physalis is a large, papery husk derived from the calyx, which partly or fully encloses the fruit. [5] Many species bear edible fruit, and some species are cultivated. The typical Physalis fruit is similar to a firm tomato in texture, and like a sweet, tangy grape in flavor. [6]
Physalis latiphysa is a herbaceous plant that grows to a height of 30 to 45 cm. The shoot axis is densely hairy with multicellular, glandular trichomes . The leaves are silky and hairy, 5.5 to 16.0 cm long, with petioles 2.5 to 7.5 cm and leaf blades 3.0 to 8.5 cm.
Physalis peruviana is a species of plant in the nightshade family native to Chile and Peru. [2] Within that region, it is called aguaymanto, uvilla or uchuva, in addition to numerous indigenous and regional names. In English, its common names include Cape gooseberry, goldenberry and Peruvian groundcherry. [2] [3] [4] [5]
Physalis pruinosa is a plant in the genus Physalis in the nightshade family Solanaceae, often referred to as ground cherry or husk tomato. It is a native species in a range extending from northern Mexico through Central America. [ 1 ]
Physalis longifolia, known by the common names common groundcherry, longleaf groundcherry, [1] and wild tomatillo, [2] is a species of flowering plant in the nightshade family, Solanaceae. It is native to North America, where it is native to eastern Canada, much of the continental United States, [ 1 ] and northern Mexico.
Physalis coztomatl is a plant species in the genus Physalis. It produces edible orange-yellow fruits, but is rarely cultivated. The leaves are oval-shaped. It is native to America; the Aztecs used it medicinally. [2] It contains labdane diterpenes, and was the first species in Physalis in which they were found. [3]
Physalis heterophylla is a perennial, and is one of the taller-growing North American members of the genus, reaching a height up to 50 cm. The leaves are alternate, with petioles up to 1.5 cm, ovate in shape, usually cordate at the base (this is especially true of mature leaves), 6–11 cm long at maturity.