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Weasels feed on small mammals and have from time to time been considered vermin because some species took poultry from farms or rabbits from commercial warrens. They do, on the other hand, eat large numbers of rodents. Their range spans Europe, North America, much of Asia and South America, and small areas in North Africa.
Least weasel: Mustela nivalis: Uncommon M. nivalis allegheniensis: Western two-thirds American ermine: Mustela richardsonii: Uncommon Statewide except southwest Long-tailed weasel: Neogale frenata: Common Statewide Mink: Neogale vison: Common N. vison mink: Statewide Fisher: Pekania pennanti: Reintroduced North central Badger: Taxidea taxus: Rare
The least weasel is the product of a process begun 5–7 million years ago, when northern forests were replaced by open grassland, thus prompting an explosive evolution of small, burrowing rodents. The weasel's ancestors were larger than the current form, and underwent a reduction in size to exploit the new food source.
Family Mustelidae (otters, weasels and relatives) North American river otter (Lontra canadensis) RI; Least weasel (Mustela nivalis) U; American ermine (Mustela richardsonii) U [11] Long-tailed weasel (Neogale frenata) U; American mink (Neogale vison) U; Fisher (Pekania pennanti) RI; Family Mephitidae (skunks) Striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis) C
Skulls of a long-tailed weasel (top), a stoat (bottom left) and least weasel (bottom right), as illustrated in Merriam's Synopsis of the Weasels of North America. The long-tailed weasel is the product of a process begun 5–7 million years ago, when northern forests were replaced by open grassland, thus prompting an explosive evolution of small, burrowing rodents.
Sthenictis sp. (American Museum of Natural History). Mustelids vary greatly in size and behaviour. The smaller variants of the least weasel can be under 20 cm (8 in) in length, while the giant otter of Amazonian South America can measure up to 1.7 m (5 ft 7 in) and sea otters can exceed 45 kg (99 lb) in weight.
Typically, male stoats prey on rabbits more frequently than females do, which depend to a greater extent on smaller rodent species. British stoats rarely kill shrews, rats, squirrels and water voles, though rats may be an important food source locally. In Ireland, shrews and rats are frequently eaten.
They typically eat about 100–120 grams (3.5–4.2 oz) of food daily, and cache excess food. [6] In urban areas in China, Siberian weasels prey extensively on rats. They are capable of killing and dragging the largest fowls. [7] Siberian weasels are active hunters and chase prey through snow, logs, water and people's houses. [3] [8]