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CO 2 + Ca(OH) 2 → CaCO 3 + H 2 O + heat (in the presence of water) Each mole of CO 2 (44 g) reacts with one mole of calcium hydroxide (74 g) and produces one mole of water (18 g). The reaction can be considered as a strong-base-catalysed, water-facilitated reaction. [5] The reaction mechanism of carbon dioxide with soda lime can be decomposed ...
The following chart shows the solubility of various ionic compounds in water at 1 atm pressure and room temperature (approx. 25 °C, 298.15 K). "Soluble" means the ionic compound doesn't precipitate, while "slightly soluble" and "insoluble" mean that a solid will precipitate; "slightly soluble" compounds like calcium sulfate may require heat to precipitate.
Calcium hydroxide is moderately soluble in water, as seen for many dihydroxides. Its solubility increases from 0.66 g/L at 100 °C to 1.89 g/L at 0 °C. [8] Its solubility product K sp of 5.02 × 10 −6 at 25 °C, [1] its dissociation in water is large enough that its solutions are basic according to the following dissolution reaction:
The hydroxide ion is naturally produced from water by the self-ionization reaction: [2] H 3 O + + OH − ⇌ 2H 2 O. The equilibrium constant for this reaction, defined as K w = [H +][OH −] [note 1] has a value close to 10 −14 at 25 °C, so the concentration of hydroxide ions in pure water is close to 10 −7 mol∙dm −3, to satisfy the ...
2 LiOH·H 2 O + CO 2 → Li 2 CO 3 + 3 H 2 O. or 2 LiOH + CO 2 → Li 2 CO 3 + H 2 O. The latter, anhydrous hydroxide, is preferred for its lower mass and lesser water production for respirator systems in spacecraft. One gram of anhydrous lithium hydroxide can remove 450 cm 3 of carbon dioxide gas. The monohydrate loses its water at 100–110 °C.
3 (s) + 3 H 2 O (g) The net reaction being: 2LiOH(s) + CO 2 (g) → Li 2 CO 3 (s) + H 2 O (g) Lithium peroxide can also be used as it absorbs more CO 2 per unit weight with the added advantage of releasing oxygen. [12] In recent years lithium orthosilicate has attracted much attention towards CO 2 capture, as well as energy storage. [8]
As it hydrates, an exothermic reaction results and the solid puffs up. The hydrate can be reconverted to quicklime by removing the water by heating it to redness to reverse the hydration reaction. One litre of water combines with approximately 3.1 kilograms (6.8 lb) of quicklime to give calcium hydroxide plus 3.54 MJ of energy.
Barium oxide reacts with water to produce barium hydroxide: BaO + H 2 O → Ba(OH) 2; Radium oxide reacts with water to produce radium hydroxide: RaO + H 2 O → Ra(OH) 2; Some oxides of other main group elements are basic, reacting with water to form a base: Thallium(I) oxide, a group 13 oxide, reacts with water to produce thallium(I ...