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Coalescent theory is a model of how alleles sampled from a population may have originated from a common ancestor. In the simplest case, coalescent theory assumes no recombination , no natural selection , and no gene flow or population structure , meaning that each variant is equally likely to have been passed from one generation to the next.
Viral phylodynamics is the study of how epidemiological, immunological, and evolutionary processes act and potentially interact to shape viral phylogenies. [1] Since the term was coined in 2004, research on viral phylodynamics has focused on transmission dynamics in an effort to shed light on how these dynamics impact viral genetic variation.
Coalescence (genetics) or the coalescent theory, the merging of genetic lineages backwards to a most recent common ancestor, in other words a model of how alleles sampled from a population may have originated from a common ancestor
Multispecies Coalescent Process is a stochastic process model that describes the genealogical relationships for a sample of DNA sequences taken from several species. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It represents the application of coalescent theory to the case of multiple species.
Another important branch of population genetics that led to the extensive development of coalescent theory is phylogenetics. Phylogenetics is an area that deals with the reconstruction and analysis of phylogenetic (evolutionary) trees and networks based on inherited characteristics [ 45 ] Traditional population genetic models deal with alleles ...
In chemistry, coalescence is a process in which two phase domains of the same composition come together and form a larger phase domain. In other words, the process by which two or more separate masses of miscible substances seem to "pull" each other together should they make the slightest contact.
The allele frequency spectrum can be written as the vector = (,,,,), where is the number of observed sites with derived allele frequency .In this example, the observed allele frequency spectrum is (,,,,), due to four instances of a single observed derived allele at a particular SNP loci, two instances of two derived alleles, and so on.
Incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) [1] [2] [3] (also referred to as hemiplasy, deep coalescence, retention of ancestral polymorphism, or trans-species polymorphism) is a phenomenon in evolutionary biology and population genetics that results in discordance between species and gene trees.