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Luhman 16 A and Luhman 16 B are the closest brown dwarf stars to Earth, and the third-nearest star system to the Solar System. [e] SSSPM J0829-1309: 61,300 Red dwarf: An L2 dwarf that is fusing hydrogen. Similarly to 2MASS J0523-1403, SSSPM J0829-1309 is one of the least luminous and massive hydrogen-fusing stars, and is smaller than Jupiter ...
The size of the star was obtained using asteroseismology; [7] Kepler-37 is currently the smallest star to be studied using this process. [6] This allowed the size of Kepler-37b to be determined "with extreme accuracy". [6] To date, Kepler-37b is the smallest planet discovered around a main-sequence star [b] outside the Solar System. [4]
The smaller star, OGLE-TR-122B, is estimated to have a radius around 0.12 solar radii, or around 20% larger than Jupiter's, and a mass of around 0.1 solar masses, or approximately 100 times Jupiter's. This makes its average density approximately 50 times the Sun's [2] [3] or over 80 times the density of water.
Kepler-37b has a rocky surface and is believed to be too small and too close to its star to support water or maintain an atmosphere. [12] Surface temperature is estimated at 700 K (427 °C; 800 °F). [10] Kepler-37c is around three-quarters of the diameter of Earth and orbits approximately every 21 days at a distance of just under 0.14 AU.
Disintegrating planetesimal, likely one of several orbiting its star. Likely about one-tenth the mass of Ceres and ~200 km in radius. [4] Ceres: 0.0742 Shown for comparison: Pluto: 0.1863 Shown for comparison: Moon: 0.2725 Shown for comparison: Kepler-37b: 0.3098 +0.0059 −0.0076: Smallest known exoplanet. [5] [6] BD+05 4868 Ab ~0.314
Due to its small radius and hence surface area, the luminosity of Kepler-42 is only 0.24% of that of the Sun. Its metallicity is one third of the Sun's. Kepler-42 has an appreciable proper motion of up to 431±8 mas /yr. [ 3 ] Due to its small size and low temperature, the star's habitable zone is much closer to the star than Earth is to the Sun.
EBLM J0555-57 is a triple star system approximately 670 light-years from Earth. The system's discovery was released on July 12, 2017. EBLM J0555-57Ab, the smallest star in the system, orbits its primary star with a period of 7.8 days, and currently is the smallest known star with a mass sufficient to enable the fusion of hydrogen in its core.
V723 Monocerotis is a variable star in the constellation Monoceros. It was proposed in 2021 to be a binary system including a lower mass gap black hole candidate nicknamed "The Unicorn". [1] Located 1,500 light years from Earth, it would be the closest black hole to our planet, and among the smallest ever found. [8] [9]