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Castra (pl.) is a Latin term used during the Roman Republic and Roman Empire for a military 'camp', and castrum (sg.) [1] for a 'fort'. [2] Either could refer to a building or plot of land, used as a fortified military base. [3] In English usage, castrum commonly translates to "Roman fort
Roman military borders and fortifications were part of a grand strategy of territorial defense in the Roman Empire, although this is a matter of debate.By the early 2nd century, the Roman Empire had reached the peak of its territorial expansion and rather than constantly expanding their borders as earlier in the Empire and Republic, the Romans solidified their position by fortifying their ...
However, when on the march, particularly in enemy territory, the legion would construct a rudimentary fortified camp or castra, using only earth, turf and timber. Camp construction was the responsibility of engineering units to which specialists of many types belonged, officered by architecti (engineers), from a class of troops known as immunes ...
Resting undisturbed for two millenia 7,000 feet high in the Swiss Alps, the previously unknown Roman military camp was fortified by three ditches and a wall with ramparts. The site of the camp ...
The castra (or forts) of ancient Rome represent the complex of camps (or barracks) that housed the various military corps located in the city of Rome. Castra Praetoria [ edit ]
The overall design of the site is similar to that of a contemporary camp at Luxor in Egypt and also has similarities with the palace at Antioch and Diocletian's Palace in Split – a sign of how militarised Roman architecture had become in the unsettled climate of the late 3rd century. [5] The "camp" was designed and built between 293 and 305 CE.
Notably, the Roman system of castra, or fortified camps, allowed the army to stay in the field on favourable ground and be rested and resupplied for battle. Well organized Roman logistics also sustained combat power, from routine resupply and storage to the construction of military roads, to state-run arsenals and weapons factories, to well ...
[89] [90] One Roman author claims that the Romans copied the design of their camps from those of king Pyrrhus, [91] but this seems unlikely, as Polybius himself criticises his fellow-Greeks for not constructing fortified camps. [92] Roman troops would construct a fortified camp, with a standardised size and layout, at the end of each day's ...