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The pericardium (pl.: pericardia), also called pericardial sac, is a double-walled sac containing the heart and the roots of the great vessels. [1] It has two layers, an outer layer made of strong inelastic connective tissue (fibrous pericardium), and an inner layer made of serous membrane (serous pericardium). [2][3] It encloses the ...
The pericardium is a thick membrane that covers the heart. It consists of two layers: the fibrous pericardium and the serous pericardium. It forms two recesses: the transverse recess and oblique recess. The transverse recess lies behind the aorta and pulmonary trunk, while the oblique recess lies behind the left atrium. [5]
A serous membrane lines the pericardial cavity of the heart, and reflects back to cover the heart, much like an under-inflated balloon would form two layers surrounding a fist. Called the pericardium, this serous membrane is a two-layered sac that surrounds the entire heart except where blood vessels emerge on the heart's superior side; [4]
The heart is a muscular organ found in most animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. [1] The pumped blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the body, while carrying metabolic waste such as carbon dioxide to the lungs. [2] In humans, the heart is approximately the size of a closed fist and is located ...
Pericardiacophrenic artery. The phrenic nerve and its relations with the vagus nerve. (Pericardiacophrenic artery not labeled, but region is visible.) The thoracic aorta, viewed from the left side. (Pericardiacophrenic labeled at center left.) The pericardiacophrenic artery is a long slender branch of the internal thoracic artery. [1]
Pericardial sinus. The pericardial sinuses are impressions in the pericardial sac formed between the points where great vessels enter it. Posterior wall of the pericardial sac, showing the lines of reflection of the serous pericardium on the great vessels. (Transverse sinus labeled at center. Oblique sinus not labeled, but visible inferior to ...
Constrictive pericarditis is defined by a fibrotic (thickened) pericardium. Constrictive pericarditis is a condition characterized by a thickened, fibrotic pericardium, limiting the heart's ability to function normally. [1] In many cases, the condition continues to be difficult to diagnose and therefore benefits from a good understanding of the ...
The pericardium is a fibrous sac surrounding the heart composed of two layers: an inner visceral pericardium and an outer parietal pericardium. [1] The area between these two layers is known as the pericardial space and normally contains 15 to 50 mL of serous fluid. [2] This fluid protects the heart by serving as a shock absorber and provides ...