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Beta thalassemia is treatable. With minor and moderate forms of beta thalassemia, you can expect an average lifespan if you follow your doctor’s treatment guidance. Beta thalassemia major can shorten your lifespan. The most common cause of death is heart failure due to iron overload.
Different people will have different symptoms, based on which type of beta thalassemia is inherited. Treatment of beta thalassemia may include medicines and regular blood transfusions. Work with your healthcare provider to stay healthy and reduce complications of the disease.
You can help manage your thalassemia by following your treatment plan and adopting healthy-living habits. Avoid excess iron. Unless your doctor recommends it, don't take vitamins or other supplements that contain iron.
Blood transfusions are the main way to treat moderate or severe thalassemia. People receiving regular blood transfusions are at risk for certain complications such as iron overload, alloimmunization (a harmful immune reaction), and infection.
Find out the treatment options if you or child has a blood disorder called beta thalassemia.
Written by some of the world’s leading authorities on haemoglobin disorders, this second revised edition of Guidelines for the Clinical Management of Thalassaemia provides medical professionals with a clear, comprehensive guide to the optimal treatment of thalassaemia, based on scientific evidence, clinical studies and observations.
You may need treatments such as blood transfusions, medicine, a splenectomy, or a blood and bone marrow transplant. Blood transfusions are the main way to treat moderate or severe thalassemia. This treatment gives you red blood cells with healthy hemoglobin.
After years of reliance on transfusion alone to address anemia and suppress ineffective erythropoiesis in β-thalassemia, many new therapies are now in development. Luspatercept, a transforming growth factor–β inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in reducing ineffective erythropoiesis, improving anemia, and possibly reducing iron loading.
Beta-thalassemia and particularly its transfusion-dependent form (TDT) is a demanding clinical condition, requiring life-long care and follow-up, ideally in specialized centers and by multidisciplinary teams of experts.
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