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Iran started investigating the production of algae from 2000. Scientific evidence shows that south Iran is the richest area in the world for cultivating algae, because of high humidity, sunny weather, large unused area and salty water. [2] The first version of algae based biofuel will become available for industrial purposes in 2015. [3]
As the crops are rich in protein, carbohydrates, omega-3s, fatty-acids, and vitamin B12, Mr Haflidason believes growing microalgae this way could help tackle global food insecurity.
In 1942 Harder and Von Witsch were the first to propose that microalgae be grown as a source of lipids for food or fuel. [3] [4] Following World War II, research began in the US, [5] [6] [7] Germany, [8] Japan, [9] England, [10] and Israel [11] on culturing techniques and engineering systems for growing microalgae on larger scales, particularly species in the genus Chlorella.
Dulse is one of many edible algae. Algaculture may become an important part of a healthy and sustainable food system [11]. Several species of algae are raised for food. While algae have qualities of a sustainable food source, "producing highly digestible proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, and are rich in essential fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals" and e.g. having a high protein ...
Some algae can grow faster under mixotrophic conditions rather than under photoautotrophic conditions. Under mixotrophic conditions, both light and a carbon substrate such as sugars can provide energy for cell growth. Although adding glucose increased the growth rate of the algal culture, it also adds extra cost to algal lipid production.
The algae have also been shown to grow on plethora of media, including glycerol, glucose, and acetate. [8] One study showed that the Auxenochlorella heterotrophically synthesized a maximum crude lipid content of 55.2% dry weight. [9]
Scenedesmus is known to have high biomass productivity among green algae, and has been actively researched for its use for biodiesel production. Its heterotrophic production of biomass and lipid in optimized conditions is reported to have higher efficiency than its autotrophic production.
The algae, especially some species which contain over 50 percent oil and a lot of carbohydrates, can be used for producing biodiesel and bioethanol by extracting and refining the fractions. The algae biomass is generated 30 times faster than some agricultural biomass, [15] which is commonly used for producing biodiesel.