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Betel leaves for selling in the market Betel in Bangladesh A Bengali woman selling betel leaves in Howrah. Betel vines are cultivated throughout southeast Asia, in plots typically 20 to 2,000 square metres (0.005 to 0.5 acre) in size. Malaysian farmers cultivate four types of betel plants: sirih India, sirih Melayu, sirih Cina and sirih Udang.
The betel plant is a tropical plant, so it needs a warm and humid climate to grow properly. It thrives best under shade and in a temperature ranging from 10 to 40 degrees. The presence of black clay in the soil along with the hot, humid climate gives the Mysore betel leaf special characteristic
Piper sarmentosum (lolot pepper, lolot, wild betel) is a plant in the family Piperaceae used in many Southeast Asian cuisines. The leaves are often confused with betel, [1] but they lack the intense taste of the betel leaves and are significantly smaller. Piper lolot (lolot) is now known to be the same species.
In Assam, betel nut and leaf has indispensable cultural value; offering betel leaf and nut, (together known as gua) constitutes a part of social greeting and socialising. It is a tradition to offer pan-tamul (betel leaves and raw areca nut) to guests immediately upon arrival, and after tea or meals, served in a brass plate with stands called bota.
Common names in English include areca palm, areca nut palm, betel palm, betel nut palm, Indian nut, Pinang palm and catechu. [1] This palm is commonly called the betel tree because its fruit, the areca nut , which are often chewed along with the betel leaf , a leaf from a vine of the family Piperaceae .
Betel nut chewing, also called betel quid chewing or areca nut chewing, is a practice in which areca nuts (also called "betel nuts") are chewed together with slaked lime and betel leaves for their stimulant and narcotic effects, the primary psychoactive compound being arecoline.