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The Indonesian National Awakening (Indonesian: Kebangkitan Nasional Indonesia) is a term for the period in the first half of the 20th century, during which people from many parts of the archipelago of Indonesia first began to develop a national consciousness as "Indonesians".
Globalization is the process of increasing interdependence and integration among the economies, markets, societies, and cultures of different countries worldwide. This is made possible by the reduction of barriers to international trade, the liberalization of capital movements, the development of transportation, and the advancement of information and communication technologies. [1]
Suharto and Home Minister Amir Machmud founded KORPRI in 1971 to enforce "monoloyalty" policy within the civil service and government-owned enterprises, which contributes to Golkar's victory throughout the New Order era. This emblem was designed by a Lyricist painter in 1973 and adopted by KORPRI the same year.
Sukarno era [ edit ] In the years immediately following the proclamation of Indonesian independence , both the Japanese occupation and the conflict between Dutch and Republican forces had crippled the country's production, with exports of commodities such as rubber and oil being reduced to 12 and 5% of their pre-WW2 levels, respectively. [ 44 ]
Chinese-peranakan (土生華人) family portrait in Java, circa 1856–1878; the usage of batik cloth was very common among peranakan ladies during colonial era. Many Indonesians, including the ethnic Chinese, believe in the existence of a dialect of the Malay language , Chinese Malay, known locally as Melayu Tionghoa or Melayu Cina .
Title: Dampak globalisasi informasi dan komunikasi terhadap kehidupan sosial budaya masyarakat di Daerah Istimewa Aceh Author/creator: Alamsyah, T. Sufi, Rusdi (1944-) Shelfmark: M 2001 A 328 Language: Indonesian Country: Indonesia
It stores historical objects of Suharto's life, dating from the struggle of Indonesian independence to the era of Indonesian development. The main room stores various souvenirs given by the Soeharto's state visitors, friends and acquaintances, among of whom are the Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen and Malaysian Prime Minister Mahatir Mohammad.
The Post-Suharto era (Indonesian: Era pasca-Suharto) is the contemporary history in Indonesia, which began with the resignation of authoritarian president Suharto on 21 May 1998. Since his resignation, the country has been in a period of transition, colloquially known as the Reform era (Indonesian: Era Reformasi ).