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The Standard Model can incorporate baryogenesis, though the amount of net baryons (and leptons) thus created may not be sufficient to account for the present baryon asymmetry. There is a required one excess quark per billion quark-antiquark pairs in the early universe in order to provide all the observed matter in the universe. [3]
In physical cosmology, the baryon asymmetry problem, also known as the matter asymmetry problem or the matter–antimatter asymmetry problem, [1] [2] is the observed imbalance in baryonic matter (the type of matter experienced in everyday life) and antibaryonic matter in the observable universe.
baryogenesis The process by which the class of subatomic particles known as baryons were generated in the early Universe, including the means by which baryons outnumber antibaryons. Big Bang The prevailing cosmological model for the origin of the observable universe. It depicts a starting condition of extremely high density and temperature ...
Experiments are consistent with the number of quarks in the universe being conserved alongside the total baryon number, with antibaryons being counted as negative quantities. [11] Within the prevailing Standard Model of particle physics, the number of baryons may change in multiples of three due to the action of sphalerons , although this is ...
Baryogenesis and leptogenesis within the Standard Model rely on the weak interaction: For matter not to be wiped off by anti-matter at the very early universe, the universe must either have to start with a different amount of each (i.e. initial non-zero baryon number), or admit Sakharov's conditions to baryogenesis. In the latter case, there ...
Another question for astroparticle physicists is why is there so much more matter than antimatter in the universe today. Baryogenesis is the term for the hypothetical processes that produced the unequal numbers of baryons and antibaryons in the early universe, which is why the universe is made of matter today, and not antimatter. [6]
The Affleck–Dine mechanism (AD mechanism) is a postulated mechanism for explaining baryogenesis during the primordial Universe immediately following the Big Bang.Thus, the AD mechanism may explain the asymmetry between matter and antimatter in the current Universe.
Such non-conservation of baryon number is indeed assumed to have happened in the early universe, and is known as baryogenesis. However, in some theoretical models, it is suggested that leptogenesis also occurred prior to baryogenesis; thus the term leptogenesis is often used to imply the non-conservation of leptons without corresponding non ...