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Sectional organization of spinal cord. The spinal cord is the main pathway for information connecting the brain and peripheral nervous system. [3] [4] Much shorter than its protecting spinal column, the human spinal cord originates in the brainstem, passes through the foramen magnum, and continues through to the conus medullaris near the second lumbar vertebra before terminating in a fibrous ...
This small group of neural cells is located between S1 and S2 or S2 and S3 and although Onuf's nucleus is located primarily in S2, it can extend to the caudal end of the first sacral segment or to the middle part of the third sacral segment. Also, Onuf's nucleus is found almost symmetrically on both sides of the ventral horn.
S1 supplies many muscles, either directly or through nerves originating from S1. They are not innervated with S1 as single origin, but partly by S1 and partly by other spinal nerves. The muscles are: gluteus maximus muscle; gluteus medius muscle; gluteus minimus muscle; tensor fasciae latae; piriformis; obturator internus muscle; inferior gemellus
Diagram of sacral plexus and pudendal plexus. (Label "to piriformis" is at center left.) ... Sacral plexus (S1–S2) Innervates: Piriformis muscle: Identifiers; Latin ...
These cells meet the sclerotome cells from the other side of the paraxial mesoderm. The lower half of one sclerotome fuses with the upper half of the adjacent one to form each vertebral body. [20] From this vertebral body, sclerotome cells move dorsally and surround the developing spinal cord, forming the vertebral arch.
The filum terminale is situated centrally [2] amid the spinal nerve roots of the cauda equina [3] [2] (but is not itself a part of the cauda equina [2]).. The inferior-most spinal nerve, the coccygeal nerve, leaves the spinal cord at the level of the conus medullaris via respective vertebrae through their intervertebral foramina, superior to the filum terminale.
The arachnoid mater and dura mater are very close together throughout the cranium and spinal canal all the way to sacral vertebra S2, where the two layers fuse into one and end in the filum terminale, which attaches to the coccygeal end of the spinal canal. Sandwiched between the dura and arachnoid maters lie some veins that connect the brain's ...
The posterior border of the ala of sacrum, shorter than the anterior, also presents two projections separated by a notch, the posterior superior iliac spine and the posterior inferior iliac spine. The posterior superior iliac spine serves for the attachment of the oblique portion of the posterior sacroiliac ligaments and the multifidus.