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The word "paper" is etymologically derived from papyrus, Ancient Greek for the Cyperus papyrus plant. Papyrus is a thick, paper-like material produced from the pith of the Cyperus papyrus plant which was used in ancient Egypt and other Mediterranean societies for writing long before paper was used in China.
Ancient Sanskrit on hemp based paper. Hemp fiber was commonly used in the production of paper from 200 BCE to the late 1800s. The pulp and paper industry in India is one of the major producers of paper in the world, [citation needed] but is outside the top 10. In recent years, [when?] India has adopted new manufacturing technology. [1]
India paper is a type of paper which from 1875 has been based on bleached hemp and rag fibres, that produced a very thin, tough opaque white paper. It has a basis weight of 20 pounds (30 g/m 2 ; typical office paper is 80 g/m 2 ), yet bulks 1,000 pages to the inch (390 per centimetre).
The Paper Currency Act, 1861 gave the Government of India the exclusive right to print and circulate banknotes and thereby abolishes the printing and circulation of banknotes by the private Presidency Banks. Until the establishment of the Reserve Bank of India on 1 April 1935, the Government of India continued to print and issue banknotes. [2] [3]
This is a list of the top newspapers in India by circulation. These figures include both print and digital subscriptions, are compiled by the Audit Bureau of Circulations. The figures include normal print editions, branded print editions (e.g., regional editions or editions tailored for commuters), and digital subscriptions (e.g., for tablet ...
Birch bark is still used in some parts of India and Nepal for writing sacred mantras. [5] [15] This practice was first mentioned c. 8th or 9th century CE, in the Lakshmi Tantra. [16] In Indian sculpture, a birch bark manuscript is easily identified by the droop. A palm leaf manuscript is stiff.
The history of printing starts as early as 3000 BCE, when the proto-Elamite and Sumerian civilizations used cylinder seals to certify documents written in clay tablets. Other early forms include block seals, hammered coinage, pottery imprints, and cloth printing.
The Indian Newspaper Society [2] (INS; formerly Indian and Eastern Newspaper Society) acts as the central organization of the Press of India, an independent body authenticating circulation figures of newspapers and periodicals in India. It plays a major role in protecting and promoting freedom of the press in India. The society was founded in 1939.