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The contact process is a method of producing sulfuric acid in the high concentrations needed for industrial processes. Platinum was originally used as the catalyst for this reaction; however, because it is susceptible to reacting with arsenic impurities in the sulfur feedstock, vanadium(V) oxide (V 2 O 5) has since been preferred.
Vanadium(V) oxide serves the crucial purpose of catalysing the mildly exothermic oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide by air in the contact process: 2 SO 2 + O 2 ⇌ 2 SO 3. The discovery of this simple reaction, for which V 2 O 5 is the most effective catalyst, allowed sulfuric acid to become the cheap commodity chemical it is today.
Vanadium(V) oxide is a catalyst in the contact process for producing sulfuric acid. Vanadium compounds are used extensively as catalysts; [83] Vanadium pentoxide V 2 O 5, is used as a catalyst in manufacturing sulfuric acid by the contact process [84] In this process sulfur dioxide (SO 2) is oxidized to the trioxide (SO
Vanadium oxide mainly refers to: Vanadium(II) oxide (vanadium monoxide), VO; Vanadium(III) oxide (vanadium sesquioxide or trioxide), V 2 O 3; Vanadium(IV) oxide (vanadium dioxide), VO 2; Vanadium(V) oxide (vanadium pentoxide), V 2 O 5; Various other distinct phases include: Phases with the general formula V n O 2n+1 exist between V 2 O 5 and VO 2.
Claus process: vanadium pentoxide (heterogeneous) sulfur: remediation of byproduct of oil refinery: methane, ammonia: Andrussow process: platinum (heterogeneous) hydrogen cyanide: basic chemicals, gold mining extractant ethylene: epoxidation: mixed Ag oxides (heterogeneous) ethylene oxide: basic chemicals, surfactants cyclohexane: K-A process ...
The semiconducting form is rich in vanadium pentoxide. [3] [5] At high temperatures or when there is a lower availability of oxygen, refractory oxides—vanadium dioxide and vanadium trioxide—form. These more reduced forms of vanadium do not promote corrosion. However, at conditions most common for burning, vanadium pentoxide gets formed.
The oxide was heated with aluminium in a crucible in a furnace. The runaway reaction made it possible to produce only small quantities of material. Hans Goldschmidt improved the aluminothermic process between 1893 and 1898, by igniting the mixture of fine metal oxide and aluminium powder by a starter reaction without heating the mixture externally.
Vanadium forms oxides in the +2, +3, +4 and +5 oxidation states, forming vanadium(II) oxide (VO), vanadium(III) oxide (V 2 O 3), vanadium(IV) oxide (VO 2) and vanadium(V) oxide (V 2 O 5). Vanadium(V) oxide or vanadium pentoxide is the most common, being precursor to most alloys and compounds of vanadium, and is also a widely used industrial ...