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Spirogyra (common names include water silk, mermaid's tresses, and blanket weed) is a genus of filamentous charophyte green algae of the order Zygnematales, named for the helical or spiral arrangement of the chloroplasts that is characteristic of the genus. Spirogyra species, of which there are more than 500, are commonly found in freshwater ...
Schematic representation of a Euglena cell with red eyespot (9) Schematic representation of a Chlamydomonas cell with chloroplast eyespot (4). The eyespot apparatus (or stigma) is a photoreceptive organelle found in the flagellate or (motile) cells of green algae and other unicellular photosynthetic organisms such as euglenids.
The body plan of Zygnematophyceae is simple, and the group appears to have gone through a secondary loss of morphological complexity. [8] The most basal members are unicellular, but filamentous species have evolved at least five times, [9] and a few species form colonies. [7]
The Zygnemataceae are cosmopolitan, but though all generally occur in the same types of habitats, Mougeotia, Spirogyra, and Zygnema are by far the most common; in one study across North America, [3] 95% of the Zygnemataceae collected were in these three genera. Classification and identification is primarily by the morphology of the conjugation ...
Arthropods like these northern prawn, and some mammals, detect water movement with sensory hairs such as whiskers, bristles or antennae. In animal physiology, hydrodynamic reception refers to the ability of some animals to sense water movements generated by biotic (conspecifics, predators, or prey) or abiotic sources.
The Zygnematales (Greek: ζυγός (zygós) and νῆμα (nḗma) (), νήματος (nḗmatos) ()), also called the Conjugatales, [1] are an order of green algae, [2] comprising several thousand different species in two families.
Thermoreceptors of the skin sense the temperature of water. A thermoreceptor is a non-specialised sense receptor, or more accurately the receptive portion of a sensory neuron, that codes absolute and relative changes in temperature, primarily within the innocuous range.
The stage in which water flows into the CV is called diastole. The contraction of the contractile vacuole and the expulsion of water out of the cell is called systole. Water always flows first from outside the cell into the cytoplasm, and is only then moved from the cytoplasm into the contractile vacuole for expulsion. Species that possess a ...