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The Principality of Serbia (Serbian: Књажество Србија, romanized: Knjažestvo Srbija) was an autonomous, later sovereign state in the Balkans that came into existence as a result of the Serbian Revolution, which lasted between 1804 and 1817. [2]
The history of modern Serbia began with the fight for liberation from the Ottoman occupation in 1804 (Serbian Revolution).The establishment of modern Serbia was marked by the hard-fought autonomy from the Ottoman Empire in the First Serbian Uprising in 1804 and the Second Serbian Uprising in 1815, though Turkish troops continued to garrison the capital, Belgrade, until 1867.
South Serbia (Serbian: Јужна Србија / Južna Srbija) was a province (pokrajina) of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes that existed between 1919 and 1922. It encompassed the modern territories of Sandžak (parts of Serbia and Montenegro), Kosovo and North Macedonia.
In the medieval Serbian states, the privileged class consisted of nobility and clergy, distinguished from commoners, part of the feudal society.The Serbian nobility (srpska vlastela, srpsko vlastelinstvo or srpsko plemstvo) were roughly grouped into magnates (velikaši or velmože), the upper stratum, and the lesser nobility (vlasteličići).
During Dušan's rule, Serbia was the most powerful state in Southeast Europe and one of the most powerful European states. [2] It was an Eastern Orthodox multi-ethnic and multi-lingual empire that stretched from the Danube in the north to the Gulf of Corinth in the south, with its capital in Skopje . [ 3 ]
Two skeletons of Mammoths have been found in Serbia, the first in Kikinda in 1996, the second in Viminacium , June 2009, 1,5 million year old (mammuthus meridionalis) [2] [3] thus one of the oldest mammoths of Europe. A fragment of a human jaw, was found in Sićevo (Mala Balanica) and believed to be up to 525,000–397,000 years old.
Revolutionary Serbia (Serbian: Устаничка Србија / Ustanička Srbija), or Karađorđe's Serbia (Serbian: Карађорђева Србија / Karađorđeva Srbija), refers to the state established by the Serbian revolutionaries in Ottoman Serbia (Sanjak of Smederevo) after the start of the First Serbian Uprising against the Ottoman Empire in 1804.
Vuk Stefanović Karadžić referred to "Old Serbia" as a territory of the Serb people that was part of medieval Serbia prior to the Ottoman conquest. [6] Milovan Radovanović claims that although the term was not attested until the 19th century it emerged in the colloquial speech of the Serb population [7] who lived in territories of the Habsburg monarchy after the Great Migrations.