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The Second New Deal is a term used by historians [1] to characterize the second stage, 1935–36, of the New Deal programs of President Franklin D. Roosevelt.The most famous laws included the Emergency Relief Appropriation Act, the Banking Act, the Wagner National Labor Relations Act, the Public Utility Holding Company Act, the Social Security Act, and the Wealth Tax Act.
These programs were called the "second New Deal". The programs gave Americans work, for which the government would pay them. The goal was to help unemployment, pull the country out of the Great Depression, and prevent another depression in the future. This was the first and largest system of public-assistance relief programs in American history ...
The First New Deal (1933–1934) dealt with the pressing banking crisis through the Emergency Banking Act and the 1933 Banking Act.The Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA) provided US$500 million (equivalent to $11.8 billion in 2023) for relief operations by states and cities, and the short-lived CWA gave locals money to operate make-work projects from 1933 to 1934. [2]
The "Second New Deal" is the designation historians use for the dramatic domestic policies passed during the last two years of Roosevelt's first term. Unlike his efforts in the first two years to be inclusive of all established interest groups, Roosevelt moved left and focused on helping labor unions, poor farmers, and the unemployed.
New Deal Policy and Southern Rural Poverty. (1978) Sautter, Udo. "Government and Unemployment: The Use of Public Works before the New Deal", The Journal of American History, Vol. 73, No. 1 (Jun., 1986), pp. 59–86 in JSTOR; Sautter, Udo. Three Cheers for the Unemployed: Government and Unemployment before the New Deal (1992) excerpt and text search
The Little Wagner Act, written by Ida Klaus, is the New York City version of the Wagner Act. [28] [29] The New York State Employment Relations Act was enacted in 1937. Along with other factors, the act contributed to tremendous growth of membership in the labor unions, especially in the mass-production sector. [30]
The UP tax was a revenue program for FDR's New Deal. The act was controversial even within FDR's United States Treasury Department, as some economists such as Alfred G. Buehler thought that it would harm the ability of business to put capital towards company growth. In particular, Buehler reasoned that the UP tax would hit small business ...
The 1936 Madison Square Garden speech was a speech given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt on October 31, 1936, three days before that year's presidential election.In the speech, Roosevelt pledged to continue the New Deal and criticized those who, in his view, were putting personal gain and politics over national economic recovery from the Great Depression.