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It wasn't until 2008 that the American Alexandra Dingman published the first study [56] devoted to the specific case of autistic children brought into contact with horses. [57] In 2009, 19 children with ASD and 15 control children were followed for 12 weeks. The conclusion was that "autistic children exposed to equine-assisted therapy showed ...
Behavior of a horse facing a box containing food: Sniffing the lid, lifting the lid, opening the box, eating the food. Excerpted from the article Do horses expect humans to solve their problems? (2012). [S 59] Another major limitation in cognitive studies is the insufficient consideration of the horse's emotional state.
[1] [2] Modern use of horses for mental health treatment dates to the 1990s. Systematic review of studies of EAT as applied to physical health date only to about 2007, and a lack of common terminology and standardization has caused problems with meta-analysis. Due to a lack of high-quality studies assessing the efficacy of equine-assisted ...
Domestic horses, which live in an artificial environment that inhibits their instinctive behavior while learning unnatural tasks, are generally more adept at solving complex problems than wild horses. [S 3] According to Budiansky, horses are not particularly good at problem-solving. [58]
Clever Hans performing in 1904. Clever Hans (German: der Kluge Hans; c. 1895 – c. 1916) was a horse that appeared to perform arithmetic and other intellectual tasks.. In 1907, psychologist Oskar Pfungst demonstrated that the horse was not actually performing these mental tasks, but was watching the reactions of his trai
Free-roaming mustangs (Utah, 2005). Horse behavior is best understood from the view that horses are prey animals with a well-developed fight-or-flight response.Their first reaction to a threat is often to flee, although sometimes they stand their ground and defend themselves or their offspring in cases where flight is untenable, such as when a foal would be threatened.
During discussions following the Havemeyer Foundation Workshop on Horse Behavior and Welfare in Iceland in 2002, the idea of establishing a society devoted to equitation science was first raised. In 2007, the ISES was founded by individuals with expertise in various equine fields of knowledge from around the world.
The novel object recognition (NOR) test is an animal behavior test that is primarily used to assess memory alterations in rodents. It is a simple behavioral test that is based on a rodents innate exploratory behavior. The test is divided into three phases: habituation, training/adaptation and test phase.