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The Mahabharata talks of suicide, stating those who perform the act can never attain regions (of heaven) that are blessed. [15] Hinduism accepts a person's right to end one's life through Prayopavesa. [16] Prayopavesa is for old age yogis who have no desire or ambition left, and no responsibilities remaining in this life. [16]
In the sixth century AD, suicide became a secular crime and began to be viewed as sinful. In the 13th century, Thomas Aquinas denounced suicide as an act against God and as a sin for which one could not repent. In 1533, those who died by suicide while accused of a crime were denied a Christian burial. In 1562, all suicides were punished in this ...
Journal of Social History 46.3 (2013): 620-632. Argues Suicide” is a modern concept—emerging in English in 1650s and in French and Spanish in late 18th century. Crocker, Lester G. "The discussion of suicide in the eighteenth century." Journal of the History of Ideas (1952): 13#1 pp 47–72. online; Gambotto, Antonella (2004).
The Catholic Church opposes active euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide on the grounds that life is a gift from God and should not be prematurely shortened. However, the church allows dying people to refuse extraordinary treatments that would minimally prolong life without hope of recovery, [5] a form of passive euthanasia.
Throughout Christian history, the mortification of the flesh, wherein one denies oneself physical pleasures, has been commonly followed by members of the clergy, especially in Christian monasteries and convents. Self-flagellation was imposed as a form of punishment as a means of penance for disobedient clergy and laity. [4]
Suicide, in general, and particularly euthanasia, are also points of cultural debate. Both acts are understood very differently in different cultures. [115] In Japan, for example, ending a life with honor by seppuku was considered a desirable death, [116] whereas according to traditional Christian and Islamic cultures, suicide is viewed as a sin.
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Suicide was a widespread occurrence in antiquity across cultures. There were many different methods and reasons for dying by suicide , and these vary across place and time. The origins of modern moral debates over the ethics of suicide can be found in this era.