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A TM-38 landmine, and cross section. The TM-38 was a rectangular, metal-cased Soviet anti-tank mine used during the Second World War. The mine had a large raised rectangular central pressure plate with four reinforcing creases. When enough pressure was applied to the plate it collapses pressing down on a bolt connected to an internal lever.
Alternatively, some mines may mimic a standard design, but actually be specifically intended to kill deminers, such as the MC-3 and PMN-3 variants of the PMN mine. Anti-handling devices can be found on both anti-personnel mines and anti-tank mines, either as an integral part of their design or as improvised add-ons.
A Chinese metal-cased Type 59 anti-tank blast mine. Its design is typical of many post World War II anti-tank blast mines, circular with a central fuze well (fitted with a plug in this case). An Italian, plastic cased blast resistant VS-2.2 mine. Capable of being deployed from the air, as well as being resistant to explosive clearance techniques.
A variety of technologies are used to detect landmines, improvised explosive devices (IED) and unexploded ordnance (UXO), including acoustic sensors, animals and biologically-based detection systems (bees, dogs, pigs, rats), chemical sensors, electromagnetic sensors and hyperspectral sensor analysis, generalized radar techniques, ground ...
A cutaway of a VS-2.2 landmine. A VS-2.2 landmine found in Iraq in 2004. The VS-2.2, VS-3.6 and SH-55 are Italian circular plastic cased anti-tank blast mines that use the VS-N series fuze. They have very few metal components and are resistant to overpressure and shock. The VS-2.2 and VS-3.6 can also be deployed from helicopters.
The Mine detector (Polish) Mark I (Polish: wykrywacz min) was a metal detector for landmines developed during World War II. Initial work on the design had started in Poland but after the invasion of Poland by the Germans in 1939, and then the Fall of France in mid-1940, it was not until the winter of 1941–1942 that work was completed by ...
The mine arms itself after an initial delay of ten minutes and self-neutralizes after 30 days. It also incorporates an anti-handling device, which is sensitive to motion and the signals produced by mine detectors. As of 2006, approximately 400,000 HPD-2 series mines have been ordered.
FFV 028 SD – Version fitted with a ball-bearing based anti-handling device. The mine self-destructs after between 30 and 180 days FFV 028 SN – Self-neutralizing version of the mine, which disarms itself after 30 to 180 days, indicating its status by launching a red marking cylinder attached to a 0.5 meter long wire.