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RNA splicing is a process in molecular biology where a newly-made precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript is transformed into a mature messenger RNA ().It works by removing all the introns (non-coding regions of RNA) and splicing back together exons (coding regions).
Gene conversion is the process by which one DNA sequence replaces a homologous sequence such that the sequences become identical after the conversion. [1] Gene conversion can be either allelic, meaning that one allele of the same gene replaces another allele, or ectopic, meaning that one paralogous DNA sequence converts another.
Alternative splicing is regulated so that each mature mRNA may encode a multiplicity of proteins. Alternative splicing of the primary transcript. The effect of alternative splicing in gene expression can be seen in complex eukaryotes which have a fixed number of genes in their genome yet produce much larger numbers of different gene products. [9]
Alternative splicing, alternative RNA splicing, or differential splicing, is an alternative splicing process during gene expression that allows a single gene to produce different splice variants. For example, some exons of a gene may be included within or excluded from the final RNA product of the gene. [ 1 ]
D-to-J recombination occurs first in the β-chain of the TCR. This process can involve either the joining of the D β 1 gene segment to one of six J β 1 segments or the joining of the D β 2 gene segment to one of six J β 2 segments. [3] DJ recombination is followed (as above) with V β-to-D β J β rearrangements.
This stylistic schematic diagram shows a gene in relation to the double helix structure of DNA and to a chromosome (right). Introns are regions often found in eukaryote genes which are removed in the splicing process: only the exons encode the protein. This diagram labels a region of only 40 or so bases as a gene.
Trans-splicing is a special form of RNA processing where exons from two different primary RNA transcripts are joined end to end and ligated.It is usually found in eukaryotes and mediated by the spliceosome, although some bacteria and archaea also have "half-genes" for tRNAs.
Besides the introduction of mutations, Overlap Extension PCR is widely used to assemble complex DNA sequences without the introduction of undesired nucleotides at any position. This is possible since OE-PCR relies on the utilization of complementary overhangs to guide the scarless splicing of custom DNA fragments in a desired order.