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Let S be the number of particles in the swarm, each having a position x i ∈ ℝ n in the search-space and a velocity v i ∈ ℝ n. Let p i be the best known position of particle i and let g be the best known position of the entire swarm. A basic PSO algorithm to minimize the cost function is then: [9]
Multi-swarm optimization is a variant of particle swarm optimization (PSO) based on the use of multiple sub-swarms instead of one (standard) swarm. The general approach in multi-swarm optimization is that each sub-swarm focuses on a specific region while a specific diversification method decides where and when to launch the sub-swarms.
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a global optimization algorithm for dealing with problems in which a best solution can be represented as a point or surface in an n-dimensional space. Hypotheses are plotted in this space and seeded with an initial velocity , as well as a communication channel between the particles.
Particle swarm optimization, a swarm intelligence optimization technique Password Settings Object, used in Windows Active Directory environments Phase-shift oscillator , an electronic circuit that generates sine waves
The Boids model can be used for direct control and stabilization of teams of simple unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) [6] or micro aerial vehicles (MAV) [7] in swarm robotics. For stabilization of heterogeneous UAV-UGV teams, the model was adapted for using onboard relative localization by Saska et al. [ 8 ]
2005 DARPA Grand Challenge winner Stanley performed SLAM as part of its autonomous driving system. A map generated by a SLAM Robot. Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) is the computational problem of constructing or updating a map of an unknown environment while simultaneously keeping track of an agent's location within it.
Multi-objective optimization or Pareto optimization (also known as multi-objective programming, vector optimization, multicriteria optimization, or multiattribute optimization) is an area of multiple-criteria decision making that is concerned with mathematical optimization problems involving more than one objective function to be optimized simultaneously.
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) A swarm intelligence method. Intelligent water drops (IWD) A swarm-based optimization algorithm based on natural water drops flowing in rivers Gravitational search algorithm (GSA) A swarm intelligence method. Ant colony clustering method (ACCM) A method that make use of clustering approach, extending the ACO.