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Articles may be more legible / accessible if multiple citations are bundled into a single footnote avoiding clutter and the appearance of citation overkill. To concatenate multiple citations for the same content into a single footnote, there are several layouts available, as illustrated below:
Reference Organizer presents all references in graphical user interface, where you can choose whether the references should be defined in the body of article or in the reference list template(s) (list-defined format). You can also sort the references in various ways (and optionally keep the sort order), and rename the references.
The dagger usually indicates a footnote if an asterisk has already been used. [1] A third footnote employs the double dagger. [5] Additional footnotes are somewhat inconsistent and represented by a variety of symbols, e.g., parallels ( ‖), section sign §, and the pilcrow ¶ – some of which were nonexistent in early modern typography.
For a citation to appear in a footnote, it needs to be enclosed in "ref" tags. You can add these by typing <ref> at the front of the citation and </ref> at the end. . Alternatively you may notice above the edit box there is a row of "markup" formatting buttons which include a <ref></ref> button to the right—if you highlight your whole citation and then click this markup button, it will ...
Wikipedia:Citing sources – how to format footnotes or bibliography; Wikipedia:Reliable sources – about reputable references; Wikipedia:Find sources – how to hunt for quality source documents {} – most common citation template, for sources with a URL {} – to cite a book/chapter or volume as a source reference
Footnotes with list-defined references Shortened footnotes Citations can also be placed as external links , but these are not preferred because they are prone to link rot and usually lack the full information necessary to find the original source in cases of link rot.
The easiest way to start citing on Wikipedia is to see a basic example. The example here will show you how to cite a newspaper article using the {} template (see Citation quick reference for other types of citations). Copy and paste the following immediately after what you want to reference:
The long citation to support the shortened citations can either be placed as a bullet point in a separate References section after the Footnotes section; or it can be placed in the first footnote to cite the source (with the initial relevant page number[s]). The remaining footnotes will use shortened citations (these usually contain the author ...