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Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a type of minimally invasive thoracic surgery performed using a small video camera mounted to a fiberoptic thoracoscope (either 5 mm or 10 mm caliber), with or without angulated visualization, which allows the surgeon to see inside the chest by viewing the video images relayed onto a television ...
The main advantages of VATS over thoracotomy are that major muscles of the chest wall are not divided and rib spreaders that can lead to rib fractures or costovertebral joint pain are not used. This results in a hospital length of stay after VATS lobectomy generally reported to range from 3–5 days, [ 4 ] or roughly half that for lobectomy via ...
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) is a surgical operation involving thoracoscopy, usually performed by a thoracic surgeon using general or local/regional anaesthesia with additional sedation as necessary.
Similar to VATS, robotic surgery has also been found to be minimally invasive and is extremely useful for removing certain parts of lung tissue that are diseased as well as surrounding lymph nodes. [48] However, comparisons of current robotic methods with VATS have shown no significant differences in patient outcome. [49]
VATS may also be used to achieve chemical pleurodesis; this involves insufflation of talc, which activates an inflammatory reaction that causes the lung to adhere to the chest wall. [ 12 ] [ 15 ] If a chest tube is already in place, various agents may be instilled through the tube to achieve chemical pleurodesis , such as talc, tetracycline ...
It is usually performed at the time of a diagnostic thoracoscopy. [citation needed] Povidone iodine is equally effective and safe as talc, and may be preferred because of easy availability and low cost. [6] Chemical pleurodesis is a painful procedure, and so patients are often premedicated with a sedative and analgesics.
The pleural space can be invaded by fluid, air, and particles from other parts of the body, which fairly complicates diagnosis. [12] [13] Viral infection (coxsackie B virus, HRSV, CMV, adenovirus, EBV, parainfluenza, influenza, COVID-19) is the most common cause of pleurisy. However, many other different conditions can cause pleuritic chest ...
A pleural effusion is accumulation of excessive fluid in the pleural space, the potential space that surrounds each lung.Under normal conditions, pleural fluid is secreted by the parietal pleural capillaries at a rate of 0.6 millilitre per kilogram weight per hour, and is cleared by lymphatic absorption leaving behind only 5–15 millilitres of fluid, which helps to maintain a functional ...