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Mebeverine is an anticholinergic but its mechanism of action is not known; it appears to work directly on smooth muscle within the gastrointestinal tract and may have an anaesthetic effect, may affect calcium channels, and may affect muscarinic receptors.
The antiemetic activity increases with increased dosing; however, side effects also increase, which often limits maximal dosing. [ 13 ] For moderate to severe morning sickness and hyperemesis gravidarum : In the UK , Promethazine is the drug of first choice.
Side effects [ edit ] Since little of the medication crosses the blood-brain barrier , this drug has less effect on the brain and therefore causes a reduced occurrence of the centrally-mediated effects (such as delusions , somnolence and inhibition of motor functions) which reduce the usefulness of some other anticholinergic drugs.
The GI cocktail is a mixture of a viscous anesthetic, an antacid, and an anticholinergic. [1] [2] Common viscous anesthetics use are viscous lidocaine or xylocaine.Common antacids used are magnesium hydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, or simethicone (more commonly known as Mylanta or Maalox). [3]
The most common side effect seen is constipation (2–3%). Less commonly reported side effects (<0.5%) include flatulence, headache, hypophosphatemia, xerostomia (dry mouth), and bezoar formation. [24] [25] [26] Use of this drug is not recommended for people with chronic kidney failure, as it might cause aluminium accumulation and toxicity.
Drugs that depend on an acidic stomach environment (such as ketoconazole or atazanavir) may be poorly absorbed, whereas acid-labile antibiotics (such as erythromycin which is a very strong CYP3A4 inhibitor) may be absorbed to a greater extent than normal due to the more alkaline environment of the stomach.