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  2. Surface weather analysis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_weather_analysis

    A surface weather analysis for the United States on October 21, 2006. By that time, Tropical Storm Paul was active (Paul later became a hurricane). Surface weather analysis is a special type of weather map that provides a view of weather elements over a geographical area at a specified time based on information from ground-based weather stations.

  3. Mesoscale convective system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesoscale_convective_system

    Organized thunderstorms and thunderstorm clusters/lines can have longer life cycles as they form in environments of sufficient moisture, significant vertical wind shear (normally greater than 25 knots (13 m/s) in the lowest 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) of the troposphere) [5]), which aids the development of stronger updrafts as well as various forms ...

  4. Weather map - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather_map

    Two-dimensional streamlines based on wind speeds at various levels show areas of convergence and divergence in the wind field, which are helpful in determining the location of features within the wind pattern. A popular type of surface weather map is the surface weather analysis, which plots isobars to depict areas of high pressure and low ...

  5. Wind shear - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_shear

    Thermal wind is a meteorological term not referring to an actual wind, but a difference in the geostrophic wind between two pressure levels p 1 and p 0, with p 1 < p 0; in essence, wind shear. It is only present in an atmosphere with horizontal changes in temperature (or in an ocean with horizontal gradients of density ), i.e., baroclinicity .

  6. Low-level windshear alert system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-level_windshear_alert...

    Pilots may decide whether to land (or conduct a missed approach) after wind shear alerts are issued. LLWAS wind shear alerts are defined as wind speed gain or loss of between 20 and 30 knots aligned with the active runway direction. "Low level" refers to altitudes of 2,000 ft (610 m) or less above ground level (AGL).

  7. Weather front - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weather_front

    A surface weather analysis is a special type of weather map which provides a top view of weather ... turbulence is extreme because of wind shear and the ...

  8. Wind gradient - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_gradient

    In common usage, wind gradient, more specifically wind speed gradient [1] or wind velocity gradient, [2] or alternatively shear wind, [3] is the vertical component of the gradient of the mean horizontal wind speed in the lower atmosphere. [4] It is the rate of increase of wind strength with unit increase in height above ground level.

  9. Wind - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind

    Wind powers the voyages of sailing ships across Earth's oceans. Hot air balloons use the wind to take short trips, and powered flight uses it to increase lift and reduce fuel consumption. Areas of wind shear caused by various weather phenomena can lead to dangerous situations for aircraft. When winds become strong, trees and human-made ...