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Marie Elisabeth Zakrzewska (6 September 1829 – 12 May 1902) was a Polish-American physician who made her name as a pioneering female doctor in the United States. [1] As a Berlin native, she found great interest in medicine after assisting her mother, who worked as a midwife.
At the same time, she gave lectures to women in the United States and England about the importance of educating women and the profession of medicine for women. [6] In the audience at one of her lectures in England, was a woman named Elizabeth Garrett Anderson , who later became the first woman doctor in England, in 1865.
The presence of women in medicine, particularly in the practicing fields of surgery and as physicians, has been traced to the earliest of history.Women have historically had lower participation levels in medical fields compared to men with occupancy rates varying by race, socioeconomic status, and geography.
Fannie Gaston-Johansson in 1998 earned full professorship and tenure at Johns Hopkins School of Nursing, the first African American woman to earn that position. [88] Helene Doris Gayle, in 1995 becomes the first woman and African-American appointed as Director of the National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention at the US CDC. [34]
This is a list of the first qualified female physician to practice in each country, where that is known. Many, if not all, countries have had female physicians since time immemorial; however, modern systems of qualification have often commenced as male only, whether de facto or de jure.
This is a historical list dealing with women scientists in the 20th century. During this time period, women working in scientific fields were rare. Women at this time faced barriers in higher education and often denied access to scientific institutions; in the Western world, the first-wave feminist movement began to break down many of these ...
The first American woman and the third woman ever to go to space, flying on the Challenger in 1983, Ride was also the first known LGBTQ+ astronaut. She spent 27 years with her partner Tam O ...
Emily Blackwell (October 8, 1826 – September 7, 1910) was a trailblazer in the 19th century, making numerous contributions in the field of medicine and women's rights. Emily was the second woman to earn a medical degree at what is now Case Western Reserve University , after Nancy Talbot Clark .