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2. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

   Python allows programmers to define their own types using classes, most often used for object-oriented programming. New instances of classes are constructed by calling the class (for example, SpamClass () or EggsClass () ), and the classes are instances of the metaclass type (itself an instance of itself), allowing metaprogramming and reflection .

3. Class (computer programming) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)

   In object-oriented programming, a class defines the shared aspects of objects created from the class. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages , but generally the shared aspects consist of state ( variables ) and behavior ( methods ) that are each either associated with a particular object or with all objects of that class.

4. Class-based programming - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class-based_programming

   In class-based programming, inheritance is done by defining new classes as extensions of existing classes: the existing class is the parent class and the new class is the child class. If a child class has only one parent class, this is known as single inheritance , while if a child class can have more than one parent class, this is known as ...

5. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

   Python allows the creation of class methods and static methods via the use of the @classmethod and @staticmethod decorators. The first argument to a class method is the class object instead of the self-reference to the instance. A static method has no special first argument. Neither the instance, nor the class object is passed to a static method.

6. Composition over inheritance - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition_over_inheritance

   Composition over inheritance (or composite reuse principle) in object-oriented programming (OOP) is the principle that classes should favor polymorphic behavior and code reuse by their composition (by containing instances of other classes that implement the desired functionality) over inheritance from a base or parent class. [2]

7. Constructor (object-oriented programming) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constructor_(object...

   In class-based, object-oriented programming, a constructor (abbreviation: ctor) is a special type of function called to create an object. It prepares the new object for use, often accepting arguments that the constructor uses to set required member variables.